William w



(No Model.)

W. W. OANPIELD.

GAS BURNER.

No. 431,716. Patented July 8, I890.

INVENTOR:

WITNESSES:

m: Nunms ravens co., wow-mum, WASNINGTON, 04 c,

with my improvement, and Figs. 2

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM W. CANFIELD, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

GAS-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of LettersPatent No. 431,716, dated July 8, 1890.

Application filed January 22, 1889- Serial No. 297,187. (No model.)

T0 to whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM W. OANFIELD, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gas-Burners, of which the following is a specification.

My invention is an improvement in Argand.

gas-burners, and is fully disclosed in the following specification, of which the accompanying drawings form a part.

The object of my invention is to provide an Argand gas-burner that will produce a bright, white, and steady flame, and in which the yellow or orange color of the flame, the escape of carbonic-acid gas, and the deposition of soot so common in this class of burners will be avoided.

In the accompanying drawings, in which similar letters of reference indicate like or equivalent parts wherever found throughout the several views, Figure 1 is a central vertical section of an Argand gas-burner provided and 3 show modifications thereof.

It is a well-known fact that Argand gasburners, and especially those of the larger I size, are usually objectionable because of the defective character of combustion common to such burners, whereby a yellow or orange colored flame is produced, large quantities of soot and other substances are deposited upon the chimney and other articles in the vicinity of the burner, and a large percentage of unconsumed combustible gas in the form of carbonic oxide or half-burned carbon is constantly escaping therefrom. The principal cause of the foregoing objections to this class of burners is the defective manner in which the air for the supply of combustion is admitted or directed to the flame. Every particle of carbon evolved from the gas should have its equivalent of oxygen, and the oxygen should be supplied in such manner and condition as to produce the best possible results. Almost all of the burners heretofore made were more or less defective for the reason that they permitted the air to pass up within the circle of the flame in a continuous,.large, unbroken, and rapidly-moving body or current of which only the outer edge or particles came in contact with the flame, and gave ofi its oxygen to combine with the carbon of the burning gases, and in burners not subject to this objection the amount of air supplied was insufficient and the character of the supply otherwise defective, and it is to remedy the foregoing objections and produce the required results specified that the invention described and claimed herein is intended.

Referring now to Fig. 1, A indicates the body of an ordinary Argand gas-burner, and

A' A are the tubes which connect the burnerbody with the screw-threaded head or socket B, bywhich the burner is attached to any ordinary gas-fitting or supply-pipe. A in my improvement are carried downwardly a considerable distance below the ,body of the burner, before being attached to the head B, whereby an open space is formed between said head and the body of the burner.

Arranged within the body of the burner is a tube or cone 0, thelower end of which extends, preferably, belowthe base of the burnerbody and is preferably of about the same diameter as the inner diameter of said burner, the upper end being slightly contracted, as shown, an annular space separating the inner wall of the burner from the tube or cone. Upon the top of cone C at any desired distance above the burner and vconcentrically therewith is placed an air-distributer and flame-spreader D, the interior of which communicates with the interior of the cone, and the side walls of which are perforated in the well-known manner.

E indicates an ordinary perforated air-dis- .tributer, which surrounds the burner, and at the bottom thereof is a chimney-holder of any desired construction. Aperforated plate G,

between the base of the distributerE and the burner, helps to regulatethe admission of the The tubes mantle of the flame at the point of ignition, will pass up through the annular space that surrounds cone C, while by far the larger portion of the air that would otherwise pass upwardly through the burner is directed by means of the tube or cone 0 into the distributer and flame-spreader D, from which it is ejected in finely-divided jets into the body of the flame through the numerous small perforations in the walls thereof. By making the lower end of the tube or cone 0 of about the same size as the inner diameter of the burner and extending the cone below the burner, as shown, it will be seen that a body of air equal to that which would otherwise pass through the burner enters the base of the cone and is directed into the air-distributer D, while at the same time an amount of air sufficient to supply combustion at the point of ignition passes up within the annular space that surrounds the cone 0. By enlarging the lower end of the cone 0 or by enlarging it and extending it lower the amount of air directed into the distributer D may be increased, if found to be necessary. The distributer and flamespreader D becomes highly heated, as does also the tube or cone 0, and this heat is transmitted to the air, which is thus delivered to the flame in the condition best adapted for the productionof the required degree of perfection in the combustion of the burning gases, and the result is a clear, white, and steady flame.

In the modification shown in Figs. 2 and 3 the outer air-distributers E, G, and II are omitted, the same not. being necessary for the purposes of illustrating the invention. In Fig. 2 the tube or cone'G terminates above the base of the burner, and in Fig. 3 it is carried below the same, as in Fig. 1, while in each case the air-conduits surrounding the central lower endqof the said cone are covered or controlledby a perforated plate or wire-cloth K, by which the flow of air therethrough is regulated. The operation is substantially the same as in the first instance. In each case there is a free unobstructed passage for the supply of air at the point of ignition around the central tube or cone, while by far the larger portion of the air supplied to the inner mantle of the flame passes up into the distributer D, from which it is discharged in finely-divided jets, as hereinbefore described, into the flame, and by means of the construction constituting this invention not only the amount of air delivered to the inner surface or mantle of the flame, but the manner in. which it is delivered, may be regulated in the most effective manner.

Having fully described my invention, its construction, and operation, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1-. The combination, with an Argand gasburner, of a central imperforated tube or cone provided with a perforated air distributer and flame-spreader on the top thereof above the burner, of a central tube or cone, an air distributer on the top thereof communicating burner, of a central tube or cone, an air-disburner, of a central tube or cone, an air-disbeing provided between the base of the tube or cone and the interior wall of the burner,

substantially as shown and described.

2. The combination, with an Argand gasburner,'of a central tube or cone extending be low the base of the body of the burner, and an air-distributer and flame-spreader on the top of said tube or cone and communicating therewith, the base of the tube or cone being larger than the top thereof, an air-passage being provided between the base of the tube or cone and the inner wall of the burnerfor the supply of air at the point of ignition, substantially as shown and described.

3. The combination, with an Argand gasburner, of a central imperforated tube or cone provided with a perforated air-distributer and flame-spreader on the top thereof above the burner-tube, into which the air is directed by the tube or cone, the base of the tube or cone being substantially as large as the interior diameter of the burner, and a passage for air being provided between the base of the tube or cone and the interior wall of the burner, the entrance to said passage being controlled by a perforated diaphragm or wire-gauze, substantially as shown and described.

4:. The combination, with an Argand gastherewith, the base of said tube or cone extending below the base of the centraltube of the burner, an air-passage between said tube or cone and the inner wall of the burner, said passage being controlled by a perforated diaphragm or wire-gauze, substantially as shown and described. tube or cone and also the entrance to the 5. The combination, with an Argand gas- IIO tributer on the top thereof communicating therewith, the base of said tube or cone extending below the base of the burner, an air- ;passage between said tube or cone and the inner wall of the burner, said passage and the 1 I 5 opening in the base of the tube or cone being controlled by perforated diaphragms or wiregauze, substantially as shown and described.

6. The combination, with an Argand' gas-v I20 tributer onthe top thereof communicating therewith, the base of said tube or cone exflame-spreader on the top of said tube or cone York and State of New York, this 21st day of and communicating therewith, an annular January, A. D. 1889. space being provided between the tube or cone and the inner wall of the burner for the WILLIAM OANFIELD' 5 supply of air at the'point of ignition, sub Witnesses:

stantially as shown and described. DANIEL E. DELAVAN,

Signed at New York, in the county of New D. ELNELL. 

